EU knowledge library

Maths & worked examples

See the arithmetic behind wagering, return to player and turnover. Hypothetical examples with their assumptions explained.

7 guides · European Union

Wagering requirements: identify the base first

A wagering multiplier needs a clearly defined base. Compare bonus-only and combined calculations without confusing required stakes with predicted losses.

Read the guide

Game contribution: credited turnover is not stake size

Game contribution measures credited turnover rather than stake size. Distinguish excluded games from prohibited play and check national restrictions.

Read the guide

Deposit matches: percentages and ceilings

Calculate deposit matches using the percentage and credit ceiling. Keep restricted rewards separate from cash and avoid treating the cap as a target.

Read the guide

RTP is not a promise about your session

RTP describes a long-run average, not a promised session result. Understand game configurations, house edge and the limits of simple loss calculations.

Read the guide

Volatility and why averages conceal risk

Similar average returns can hide very different outcome patterns. Understand volatility, finite balances and why past losses do not make a win due.

Read the guide

Turnover, deposits and losses measure different things

Deposits, stakes, credited turnover and losses measure different events. Reconcile opening balances, transfers and adjustments over a defined period.

Read the guide

What a wagering calculator cannot tell you

A wagering calculator can show required turnover, not profit or legal availability. Check its base, contribution assumptions, units and rounding.

Read the guide

One network. Local context.

Explore the US, UK and EU editions.

Bonus.us.com — US edition
Explore US guides →

US-focused guides to bonuses, state rules and player protections.

Bonus.gb.net — UK edition
Explore UK guides →

UK-focused explanations, with Great Britain and Northern Ireland distinguished.

Bonus.eu.com — EU edition
Current edition →

European guides with country-specific rules, limits and consumer protection.

When gambling stops feeling like a choice.

Support is available for you and for people affected by someone else’s gambling. You do not need to wait for a crisis, or chase a loss, to reach out.

Find confidential support